Most common STDs: Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis or BV is an infection caused by the bacterium Gardnerella vaginalis. BV happens when this bacillus proliferates to the detriment of Lactobacillus spp.
Vaginosis is not a sexually transmitted disease as such. Although intimate relationships can increase the risk of contracting this infection, especially if a condom is not used, any factor that alters the pH of the vagina, such as douching or using an IUD, can also cause BV.
Vaginosis: symptoms
Many of the most common sexually transmitted diseases do not present symptoms in their early stages. In the case of BV, practically half of the infected women are not aware of having it, hence the importance of periodic gynecological checkups.
When symptoms do appear, they will be the following:
- White-gray discharge and intense fishy odor that may become more intense after intercourse or during menstruation.
Vaginosis: complications
Vaginosis can cause premature births in pregnant women, in addition to increasing the risk of contracting STIs such as herpes, chlamydia or gonorrhea.
If the bacteria access the uterus or the fallopian tubes, there is risk of a more serious STI: pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
Vaginosis: diagnosis and treatment
The doctor will examine the vagina and take samples of the secretion for tests. The Amsel and the Nugent criteria are specific tests which analyze the pH, the odor and the presence and number of bacteria in the vaginal discharge
Once vaginosis has been diagnosed, the doctor should assess the advisability of applying or not treatment and adding probiotics to restore vaginal flora.
The sexual partner will not need treatment.
Vaginosis: prevention
As we have indicated in several articles of the past few months months, sex education is vital in preventing the rate and spread of STDs. Information abour the symptoms and risks will increase young people’s awareness of the importance of maintaining an orderly sexual life, avoiding promiscuity and using barrier contraceptive methods – specially condoms.
Without forgetting, of course, the importance of periodic gynecological check-ups and also of avoiding douching.
Although there is no 100% effective prevention method, the advice given above will help: regular gynecology checkups, use of condoms, information and awareness.
We hope this article has been useful for you. You will find further information at the website of the Unidad de la Mujer. You can also contact us at the number (+34) 917 303 673
